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Epididymitis
Moderate
Epididymitis is inflammation of the epididymis, the tube that carries sperm from the testicle toward the vas deferens. It commonly causes pain and swelling in the scrotum and may also cause urinary symptoms or fever. Infection is the most common cause, although medicines and other conditions can occasionally contribute.
Body System
Male Reproductive System
When to Seek Medical Attention
Epididymitis should be medically assessed because infection can spread to nearby structures and symptoms can resemble testicular torsion. Seek prompt care for testicular or scrotal pain, swelling, fever, urinary symptoms, or discharge. Emergency assessment is needed for sudden severe testicular pain, particularly with nausea or vomiting, because torsion must be excluded.
Symptoms
3
Causes
1
Treatments
5
Diet
3
Overview
Epididymitis is inflammation of the epididymis, the tube that carries sperm from the testicle toward the vas deferens. It commonly causes pain and swelling in the scrotum and may also cause urinary symptoms or fever. Infection is the most common cause, although medicines and other conditions can occasionally contribute.
Symptoms 3
Fever
Heavy Menstrual Bleeding
Irregular Periods
Causes 1
Epididymitis is most often caused by bacterial infection. In younger sexually active men, sexually transmitted infections such as chlamydia and gonorrhea are common causes. In older men or people with urinary tract problems, bacteria such as E. coli may be responsible. Less common causes include tuberculosis, urinary tract abnormalities, recent procedures, and certain medicines such as amiodarone.
Infection
Risk Factors
Risk increases with unprotected sexual activity and sexually transmitted infections, urinary tract infections, prostate or urinary tract abnormalities, recent urinary procedures, and regular use of a urinary catheter. Previous urinary tract surgery or structural problems may also increase risk.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis is based on a patient's medical history,
symptoms, physical examination and, when necessary,
laboratory or imaging investigations.
Diagnosis is based on symptoms and physical examination, including assessment of the scrotum and testicles. Urine and blood tests may be used to identify infection, and testing for sexually transmitted infections may be appropriate. Ultrasound may be used when necessary, particularly to help distinguish epididymitis from other causes of acute scrotal pain.
Prevention
Key Prevention Tips
Safer sexual practices, including appropriate condom use, can reduce the risk of sexually transmitted infections that cause epididymitis
Prompt diagnosis and treatment of urinary or sexually transmitted infections can reduce complications
People with urinary tract abnormalities or recurrent infections should follow appropriate medical management and seek evaluation for persistent urinary or scrotal symptoms
Prevention Guidance
Safer sexual practices, including appropriate condom use, can reduce the risk of sexually transmitted infections that cause epididymitis. Prompt diagnosis and treatment of urinary or sexually transmitted infections can reduce complications. People with urinary tract abnormalities or recurrent infections should follow appropriate medical management and seek evaluation for persistent urinary or scrotal symptoms.
Reminder: Prevention recommendations should be tailored to your personal health status and risk factors.
Treatment & Management 5
Detailed treatment guidance is currently being prepared.
Detailed treatment guidance is currently being prepared.
Detailed treatment guidance is currently being prepared.
Detailed treatment guidance is currently being prepared.
Detailed treatment guidance is currently being prepared.
Medical Note: The treatment information provided is intended for educational purposes only.
Always consult a qualified healthcare professional before starting,
stopping, or changing any treatment.
Diet & Nutrition 3
Recommended Foods
Water
Helps maintain hydration.
Fresh Fruits
Support immune function.
Vegetables
Provide vitamins and minerals.
Foods to Avoid
Alcohol
May worsen inflammation.
Spicy Foods
May increase discomfort.
Medical Nutrition Note: Diet recommendations are intended for general educational purposes and should be tailored to individual health needs by a qualified healthcare professional.
Frequently Asked Questions 5
It is inflammation of the epididymis.
Bacterial infections are a common cause.
Pain, swelling, and fever may occur.
Urine tests and ultrasound may be used.
Antibiotics are commonly used when infection is present.
Helpful Tip: These answers provide general medical information.
Consult your healthcare provider for advice tailored to your condition.