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Lung Cancer
Urgent
Lung cancer is cancer that begins in the tissues of the lungs, usually in cells lining the air passages. The two main types are non-small cell lung cancer and small cell lung cancer. Early lung cancer may cause few or no symptoms. As it develops, symptoms may include persistent cough, coughing up blood, chest discomfort, breathing problems, fatigue, loss of appetite, or unexplained weight loss.
Body System
Respiratory System
When to Seek Medical Attention
Seek prompt medical evaluation for persistent or worsening cough, coughing up blood, unexplained weight loss, persistent chest pain, worsening breathlessness, or other concerning symptoms. Emergency care is needed for severe difficulty breathing, significant bleeding, severe chest pain, or sudden deterioration.
Symptoms
4
Causes
3
Treatments
5
Diet
4
Overview
Lung cancer is cancer that begins in the tissues of the lungs, usually in cells lining the air passages. The two main types are non-small cell lung cancer and small cell lung cancer. Early lung cancer may cause few or no symptoms. As it develops, symptoms may include persistent cough, coughing up blood, chest discomfort, breathing problems, fatigue, loss of appetite, or unexplained weight loss.
Symptoms 4
Chest Pain
Dry Cough
Palpitations
Persistent Hoarseness
Causes 3
The most important cause of lung cancer is tobacco smoking. Tobacco smoke contains cancer-causing substances that can damage lung cells over time. Lung cancer can also occur in people who have never smoked. Other contributors include secondhand smoke and exposure to substances such as asbestos, arsenic, chromium, beryllium, nickel, soot, and tar. Genetic and environmental factors can also contribute.
High Cholesterol
Obesity
Pregnancy
Risk Factors
Smoking is the major risk factor for lung cancer, and risk increases with the number of years and amount of tobacco exposure. Secondhand smoke also increases risk. Other factors include occupational exposure to certain cancer-causing substances, a family history of lung cancer, and previous radiation exposure to the chest. Age is also associated with increased risk of developing the disease.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis is based on a patient's medical history,
symptoms, physical examination and, when necessary,
laboratory or imaging investigations.
Lung cancer is evaluated using symptoms, medical history, and physical examination followed by appropriate tests. Imaging such as chest X-rays or computed tomography scans can identify abnormal areas in the lungs. Additional tests may determine whether cancer has spread. A biopsy, in which a sample of abnormal tissue is examined, is generally needed to confirm the diagnosis and identify the type of lung cancer.
Prevention
Key Prevention Tips
The most effective way to reduce the risk of lung cancer is to avoid smoking or quit smoking if you currently smoke
Avoiding secondhand smoke can also reduce exposure
Workplace safety measures can reduce contact with asbestos and other cancer-causing substances
People with substantial smoking histories may be eligible for lung cancer screening with low-dose CT according to current medical recommendations
Prevention Guidance
The most effective way to reduce the risk of lung cancer is to avoid smoking or quit smoking if you currently smoke. Avoiding secondhand smoke can also reduce exposure. Workplace safety measures can reduce contact with asbestos and other cancer-causing substances. People with substantial smoking histories may be eligible for lung cancer screening with low-dose CT according to current medical recommendations.
Reminder: Prevention recommendations should be tailored to your personal health status and risk factors.
Treatment & Management 5
Detailed treatment guidance is currently being prepared.
Detailed treatment guidance is currently being prepared.
Detailed treatment guidance is currently being prepared.
Detailed treatment guidance is currently being prepared.
Detailed treatment guidance is currently being prepared.
Medical Note: The treatment information provided is intended for educational purposes only.
Always consult a qualified healthcare professional before starting,
stopping, or changing any treatment.
Diet & Nutrition 4
Recommended Foods
High Fiber Foods
Promote healthy digestion.
Fresh Fruits
Provide fiber and nutrients.
Vegetables
Support gallbladder health.
Whole Grains
May reduce gallstone risk.
Foods to Avoid
High Fat Foods
May trigger symptoms.
Fried Foods
Can worsen gallbladder stress.
Fast Food
Often high in unhealthy fats.
Medical Nutrition Note: Diet recommendations are intended for general educational purposes and should be tailored to individual health needs by a qualified healthcare professional.
Frequently Asked Questions 5
Gallstones are hardened deposits that form inside the gallbladder.
Pain in the upper abdomen, nausea, and indigestion are common symptoms.
Some small stones may remain harmless, but many require treatment.
Surgery is recommended if gallstones cause pain or complications.
Yes, a balanced diet and healthy weight can reduce risk.
Helpful Tip: These answers provide general medical information.
Consult your healthcare provider for advice tailored to your condition.